Ergonomic product design

Body-first design keeps humans at the center.

Two hands holding a small blue plastic mold piece over a matching base with other similar pieces on a light wooden surface, with a blue container holding various tools at the left edge.

Most teams use human data to validate a design after it's built. We use it to build the design in the first place. Every size, dimension, grip, reach
and force decision begins with how real
bodies respond.

Baby lying in a modern gray baby swing secured with straps, looking up at a smiling older child leaning over the swing, with colorful soft toys hanging above.
The challenge

If it doesn’t fit or feel right, it’s a fail.

When the human relationship with a product isn't considered from the start, it becomes obvious in the end experience. For medical devices in particular, the stakes are exceptionally high. Failed human factors testing means lost time, repeated testing cycles, and delayed routes to market. That's why we've built a user-centered design process that ensures all users, not just the average able-bodied person, are considered.

Body-first design reduces:

Usability errors
Injuries
Discomfort
Low adoption
Costly redesigns late in the development cycle
Why it matters

Body-first design produces measurably better outcomes for the people who use the products.

When fit, comfort, and usability directly affect safety and clinical outcomes, it becomes essential. This approach is central to passing human factors testing, satisfying regulatory requirements, and building products that earn the trust of the people who depend on them.

Our Methodology

Ergonomic design experience meets anthropometric expertise

We design for every body, using real human data to represent the people a product is made for. That data shapes our work from early concepts through prototyping and testing.

1

Understand the user & data

Identifying user group’s age, size, gender, ethnicity, abilities, and define the human data in our 3D human library.

3D visualization of nose shapes and sizes with percentile color coding: Top left shows a side view of a face with turquoise planes highlighting the nose area. Top right shows a transparent side profile with blue planes around the nose. Bottom row displays three colorful 3D nose shape models labeled by size range and sample count: S size range, 10 noses; M size range, 24 noses; L size range, 14 noses. Each model uses red, yellow, green, and orange colors indicating various percentile measurements as shown in legends.
2

Design with the human in place

Designing with product geometry, engineering constraints, and digital human models in a single environment.

Side-by-side images showing a detailed cutaway diagram of a wireless earbud's internal components on the left and the earbud fitted into a blue human ear model on the right.
3

Refinement based on usability tests

Prototyping to answer ergonomic and usability questions and drive the next iteration.

A white mannequin head with a realistic ear on the left side is placed on a table next to a computer monitor displaying a force measurement software interface showing zero total force and a graph with a purple line.

"I work with Fresco because of their strong expertise in human factors and ergonomics. They have a broad range of capabilities, from virtual CAD simulations to physical prototyping, which helps me evaluate designs and make informed decisions. They are a valuable partner that extends the capabilities of my in-house design team."

Headshot of Alex Tan

Alex Tan

Design Leader, Breakthrough Innovation, Philips Healthcare

Human data in practice

Putting 3D human data to work alongside physical product design.

We’ve developed a fully parametric 3D human library based on multiple datasets that embody the full range of human percentiles. This empowers our designers and engineers to create holistic solutions that make all the difference when it comes to fit, comfort, usability, and safety.

3D model of a human head with labels indicating '50 Percentile Head' and '75 Percentile Ear' and an inset showing software sliders for adjusting head and ear sizes, with values set to 2 and 3 respectively.

Head Fit

Side-by-side comparison of two 3D baby swing models with harnesses and overhead toys; the left swing is gray with a segmented mannequin model, and the right swing is black with a solid mannequin model and colorful toys.

Comfort

Diagram showing two colored 3D-rendered hands holding a cutter: a blue male hand labeled 'Male 98th' with a strong grip, and a purple female hand labeled 'Female 2nd' with a less tight grip.

Hands & Grip

Side-by-side comparison showing a detailed digital 3D ear scan on the left and two physical silicone ear molds in blue and purple on the right, placed on a reflective surface.

In-Ear

Two gray mannequin heads on a wooden table, one labeled '5th PCYL male head' with a white frame-like object held in front of it, and the other labeled '5th PCYL female head' with a white nose bridge attached; a person wearing a green long sleeve is holding additional white components near a box labeled with sizes.

Nose pads

Side-by-side 3D gray models of male and female heads labeled '05th PCTL' with colored lines and text marking anatomical head measurements including head length, head breadth, interpupillary breadth, ear breadth, ear length, mentonsellion length, and various bitragion arcs, with silhouettes of different percentile heads shown faintly on both sides from 05th to 98th percentiles.

All sizes

Six ergonomic bike fitting diagrams showing male (blue) and female (red) models at percentile positions P5, P50, and P95 seated on bicycles in side view.

Full body

Two 3D renderings of a white child car seat shown from a top angle, one enclosed in a translucent green wireframe box, the other overlaid with green measurement markers indicating height and width dimensions.

Regulation

Where it matters

From everyday products to essential medical devices, the human relationship is critical.

Some products are held. Some are worn. Some are operated for hours at a time. In each case, the human relationship with the product determines whether it supports or fails the people who depend on it.

Woman wearing glasses and white headphones, focused on working on a laptop at a desk with a notebook and a cup of coffee nearby.
Wearable devices
Medical devices
Handhelds
Safety & protective gear
Head-worn products
Industrial equipment
In-ear devices
Child restraint systems

Great car seat design balances rigorous safety standards with real comfort and usability.

Using a 3D parametric rig and virtual simulations, we validated every design decision against physical safety requirements and real child ergonomics, enabling faster decisions and de-risking the product well before physical prototyping began.

Common questions about Fresco's body-first design.

What is body-first design and how does Fresco apply it?

Body-first design is our philosophy brought to practice. At the outset of every project, we explore the physical constraints of the user and how they'll actually interact with the product. The user is in the design process.

Designing and modeling a product on a blank CAD canvas won't tell you if its form, size, or function actually work for the people using it. That only shows up when real human constraints are part of the model from the beginning.

Our product has multiple positions and interactions. What is the fastest way to see how this works for real users?

Before physical prototyping, we leverage our 3D expertise to build virtual simulations that show how your product and user interact through a full range of motion.  

This matters for anything that moves, like a robotic arm, a trigger, or a strap, since problems like reach and collisions often only show up in motion, not in a single snapshot. It's the fastest way to catch those issues before a part is built.

Where does your human data come from?

It's a mix of three sources. First, we use public anthropometric data sets. Second, we run our own scanning studies where we recruit users and capture their measurements directly. Third, we license data through partnerships with third-party human data providers. Combining all three gives us a broader, more accurate picture than any single source alone, especially for body types, ethnicities, or specific use cases that are underrepresented in public data.

Do you test with real people, or only simulations?

Both. Digital human models and simulations let us test broadly and early. However, we always validate our findings in user testing sessions with real people and physical models, to confirm and/or challenge our hypothesis, identify user friction points, and get real feedback. Neither replaces the other.

How does body-first design support regulatory or human factors submissions?

Body-first design gives you a head start on human factors data that is often part of a regulatory submission. Because we're gathering and validating human data from the beginning, not adding it at the end, you walk into human factors testing and regulatory review with evidence already built into the design history.